Vol 3-3 Mini Review

24-hour Movement Behaviours and Bone Mineral Density in Older Adults - A Rapid Narrative Review

Lauren McMichan1*, Dawn A. Skelton2, Sebastien F.M. Chastin2,3, Alexandra Mavroeidi1

1Department of Physical Activity for Health, School of Psychological Science and Health, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK

2Research Centre for Health (ReaCH), Department of Physiotherapy and Paramedicine, School of Health and Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK

3Department of Movement and Sports Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

Introduction: Understanding daily movement patterns (i.e., the relative proportion of time spent on Sedentary behaviour (SB), light physical activity (LPA), moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sleep) to establish links with chronic diseases is a contemporary topic. Little research has looked at the effects of 24-hour movement behaviour on bone health (particularly bone mineral density (BMD)) despite investigation on other health parameters.

The aim of this rapid narrative review was to build on previous work published on the association between SB and BMD in older adults by investigating the association of the more holistic 24- hour movement behaviours in relation to BMD.

Methods: A database search of Web of Science and NIH PubMed was conducted using broad MeSH terms (older adults, sedentary, and bone). Searches were limited from the year 2019 onward.

Results/Discussion: Five published articles were reviewed, and there are discrepancies amongst the findings which could be attributed to the different measurement methods (Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) versus Dual-energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA)) and the sites of measured BMD. There are also notable differences between genders, with BMD in men appearing to be most reliant on time spent in MVPA, compared to women who appear to see benefit to BMD with replacement of SB with LPA and not require more time spent in MVPA. This highlights the complexity of movement behaviours and requires further research.

DOI: 10.29245/2767-5130/2022/3.1167 View / Download Pdf
Vol 3-3 Commentary

Commentary: The Role of Instrumentation in the Surgical Treatment of Spondylodiscitis and Spinal Epidural Abscess: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study

Marcus Wong*, Jonathan J Lee, Jaime Guerrero, Sean M Barber

Department of Neurosurgery, Houston Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX, USA

DOI: 10.29245/2767-5130/2022/3.1165 View / Download Pdf
Vol 3-3 Commentary

Commentary: Liquid-phase ASEM imaging of cellular and structural details in cartilage and bone formed during endochondral ossification: Keap1-deficient osteomalacia

Eiko Sakai1*, Mari Sato2, Chikara Sato2,3,4

1Division of Dental Pharmacology, Department of Developmental and Reconstructive Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan

2National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba, Japan

3School of Integrative and Global Majors (SIGMA), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan

4Biological Science Course, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Aoyama Gakuin University, Sagamihara, Japan

DOI: 10.29245/2767-5130/2022/3.1168 View / Download Pdf
Vol 3-3 Commentary

Opinion: Patient reported motivations for seeking stem cell therapy and considerations for counseling

Jennifer R. Arthurs1, Zubin Master2,  Shane A. Shapiro3*

1Regenerative Medicine Therapeutics Program, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA

2Biomedical Ethics Research Program and the Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

3Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA

Stem cell therapies occupy a unique place in the American public’s consciousness which has led to excessive enthusiasm over their potential to cure orthopedic conditions. Much has been written about direct-to-consumer marketing of cell therapies for a myriad of medical conditions. Far less has been studied on the attitudes that drive many patients to seek stem cell and orthobiologic therapies for musculoskeletal conditions. Previously published research on patient motivations for seeking stem cell therapy to treat orthopedic maladies such as osteoarthritis and chronic tendinopathies has shown that some patients were motivated by factors not supported by current medical evidence. These differing responses strongly suggest the need for patient-centered counseling to address misinformation about stem cell therapies for musculoskeletal conditions and increase health literacy about outcomes of orthobiologics.

DOI: 10.29245/2767-5130/2022/3.1162 View / Download Pdf